ORIGINAL COMMENT · UNEDITED TEXT
Comment of Dr. Dimitris J. Panagopoulos, PhD, EMF biophysicist, Choremeion Research Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece. Submitted on his behalf and with his written permission by Nicolas Pineault, citizen journalist and author. The content is Dr. Panagopoulos's own published work and his written interview, attached without alteration.
Q2 (perspective): research entity. Basis: peer-reviewed research, cited with links.
Questions addressed: 5(p), 6, 12, 16.
Q5(p), signal characteristics a classification system should account for. All digital wireless communication signals are emitted as on/off pulses repeated at extremely low frequency (ELF) rates, with intense variability in amplitude, shape, duration and repetition frequency; they are not continuous-wave radiofrequency carriers. These ELF pulsations were recorded directly from a Wi-Fi router and from 4G and 5G phones in Panagopoulos, Litovsky and Chamberlin 2026 (Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, https://doi.org/10.1080/15368378.2026.2654072; response to comments: https://doi.org/10.1080/15368378.2026.2707966). Human-made fields are also fully polarized and coherent, unlike natural fields (Panagopoulos, Johansson and Carlo 2015, Scientific Reports, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep14914). Modulation, pulse characteristics, duty cycle, polarization and low-frequency variability therefore belong in any exposure classification.
Q6 and Q12, evidence of effects below current limits, and a mechanism. In human peripheral blood lymphocytes, a 15-minute exposure to real mobile phone emissions at a power density about 136 times below the current ICNIRP limit was genotoxic by itself and significantly enhanced the chromosomal damage induced by gamma radiation, beyond the sum of the two exposures (Panagopoulos 2024, General Physiology and Biophysics, https://doi.org/10.4149/gpb_2023036). Related findings: synergy with a high caffeine dose (2020, https://doi.org/10.4149/gpb_2020036) and comparison of DNA damage from mobile telephony versus power-line fields in Drosophila cells (2019, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrrev.2019.03.003). The Ion Forced Oscillation and Voltage-Gated Ion Channel mechanism explaining how these fields trigger oxidative stress and DNA damage is set out in Panagopoulos et al. 2021 (International Journal of Oncology, https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2021.5272) and 2025 (Frontiers in Public Health, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1585441), both open access.
Q16, research priorities. Combined exposure to wireless fields with other stressors (ionizing radiation, chemicals) produced more damage than the sum of the separate exposures in the studies above. Research on combined exposures, and standardized measurement of the ELF components of wireless emissions, are the gaps these results point to.
The attached interview (Pineault, September 18, 2024, https://theemfguy.com/emf-dangers-panagopoulos) sets out Dr. Panagopoulos's views on these questions in his own words.
Attached: the interview; PDFs of the cited papers. Edited volume: Electromagnetic Fields of Wireless Communications: Biological and Health Effects, CRC Press, 2022, https://www.routledge.com/Electromagnetic-Fields-of-Wireless-Communications-Biological-and-Health-Effects/Panagopoulos/p/book/9781032061764. Full publication list: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Dimitris-Panagopoulos-3
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