UnclearInsufficient evidencePaper 46

Electromagnetic Field Exposure in the Public Space of the Slovakian City

Keywords

#electromagnetic field #electromagnetic smog #exposure assessment #shopping centres #public space #Bratislava #Slovakia #hygienic limits #EUROPAEM

Measurements of low- and high-frequency electromagnetic fields at different places in shopping centres in Bratislava did not exceed current Slovak limits in any measurement. The authors report that almost all measurements markedly exceeded newer permitted lim…

Study snapshot

PublicationScientific Letters of the University of Zilina · 2023

Study typeexposure_assessment

Reported directionUnclear

Evidence ratingInsufficient

Abstract

Electromagnetic Field Exposure in the Public Space of the Slovakian City Trnka M, Gálik P, Kráľová E, Važan R. Electromagnetic Field Exposure in the Public Space of the Slovakian City. Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina 2023, 25(1):G1-G6. doi: 10.26552/com.C.2023.014 The main objective of our research was to map the exposure to electromagnetic smog in the frequented space of shopping centres in the city of Bratislava and to compare our results to the actual hygienic limits. The measurements of the low- and high-frequency electromagnetic fields were performed at different places in shopping centres. Our results did not exceed the Slovak current limits in any of the measurements. However, almost all of them markedly exceed new permitted limits according to EUROPAEM. Based on our results, stricter limits in many European countries and increasing evidence on possible harmfulness of long-term exposures to artificial electromagnetic fields, preventive carefulness can be recommended - to support the research in this field, to prepare professional public education and possibly to prepare the stricter Slovak exposure limits. Open access paper: komunikacie.uniza.sk

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeexposure_assessment

Effect directionunclear

PopulationNot supplied

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureELF and RF

Evidence strengthInsufficientConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: unknown

Main findings

Outcomes measured

Measured low-frequency electromagnetic fields in shopping centres
Measured high-frequency electromagnetic fields in shopping centres
Comparison of measured levels to Slovak hygienic limits
Comparison of measured levels to EUROPAEM permitted limits

Limitations

No measurement details provided in abstract (instrumentation, protocols, specific frequencies, units, time of day)
No sample size/number of measurement points reported
No health outcomes assessed; exposure mapping only
EUROPAEM limits referenced without details in abstract

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "exposure_assessment",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "ELF and RF",
    "source": "public space (shopping centres)",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": null,
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Measured low-frequency electromagnetic fields in shopping centres",
    "Measured high-frequency electromagnetic fields in shopping centres",
    "Comparison of measured levels to Slovak hygienic limits",
    "Comparison of measured levels to EUROPAEM permitted limits"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Measurements of low- and high-frequency electromagnetic fields at different places in shopping centres in Bratislava did not exceed current Slovak limits in any measurement. The authors report that almost all measurements markedly exceeded newer permitted limits according to EUROPAEM.",
  "effect_direction": "unclear",
  "limitations": [
    "No measurement details provided in abstract (instrumentation, protocols, specific frequencies, units, time of day)",
    "No sample size/number of measurement points reported",
    "No health outcomes assessed; exposure mapping only",
    "EUROPAEM limits referenced without details in abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "insufficient",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "unknown",
  "keywords": [
    "electromagnetic field",
    "electromagnetic smog",
    "exposure assessment",
    "shopping centres",
    "public space",
    "Bratislava",
    "Slovakia",
    "hygienic limits",
    "EUROPAEM"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "who-icnirp",
      "weight": 0.3,
      "reason": "Compares measured public exposures to national hygienic limits and discusses stricter limits; relevant to exposure-limit frameworks."
    }
  ]
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.26552/com.c.2023.014
PubMed: Not supplied

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