All comment threads

This filing was submitted as an attachment. Open the document below to read the comment.

This filing was submitted as an attachment. Open the document below to read the comment.

This filing was submitted as an attachment. Open the document below to read the comment.

Testimony to FCC ET Docket No. 13-84 submitted 10/19/26 I am writing regarding the FCC’s response to the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals’ remand concerning its decades-old radiofrequency (RF) radiation exposure guidelines. The Court directed the FCC to provide a reasoned explanation for its determination that its guidelines adequately protect humans against harmful effects of RF radiation unrelated to cancer. Specifically, the court required the FCC to address the impacts of RF radiation on children, the health implications of long-term exposure, the ubiquity of wireless devices and technological developments, impacts on the environment, and the adequacy of the FCC’s testing procedures for cell phones and other portable devices. The FCC should fully consider evidence and real-world experiences concerning the health and environmental impacts of wireless radiation, including non-cancer health effects, impacts on children, long-term and cumulative exposure, cancer, and impacts on wildlife and the environment. Here is just one study I believe the FCC should review when addressing the concerns about wireless radiation: https://bioinitiative.org/research-summaries/ The FCC is not a health agency and does not have expertise in medicine, biology or public health. Yet, the agency continues to assert authority over RF exposure standards and is preparing to reach conclusions about whether its existing guidelines adequately protect the public. I urge the FCC to recognize the critical role of federal health agencies, including the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, and to rely on appropriate health and biological expertise when addressing the issues identified by the court. This issue matters to me personally because: For years now I have been hunkering down in my home, and trying to mitigate EMF effects with varying degrees of effectiveness, in order to avoid massive exposure to everyone’s cell phones and the smart meters that have been forced on all of us, despite fighting for years to avoid this for numerous reasons, mostly health reasons. I get nasty frontal lobe headaches usually about 6-8 hours after being subjected to hundreds of phones in ANY event I try to attend. I have not yet figured out how to treat these horrible headaches when they happen, usually in the dead of night! All of my electronics are WIRED directly into the wall, as well as one whole room covered with aluminum screen door screening between myself and the next door neighbors who have Wi-Fi on the other side of the wall.Thank god we have not seen too many of the 5G poles going up around town and in our neighborhoods!!! One of my banks has a wall of shrubbery along the parking lot with numerous SMART Meters behind it. The shrubbery is deformed and burnt looking where it is close to that wall! If I lived close to a Cell Tower, I would probably move away! I urge the FCC to give meaningful consideration to the experiences and evidence before it and to fully address each of the issues identified by the court.

I have experienced mild to moderate to strong sensitivity to emf's ,increasingly being emitted from household and commercial WiFi and cell towers. I have been evaluated by health care practitioners for a combination of symptoms: low calcium levels, skin rashes, heart palpitations and irregularities and brain fog and mild generalized anxiety. I ask you to do independent research on the impacts of this technology on the whole ecosystem, as well as human health. I am deeply distressed that this technology has been rolled out without safety research. I remember watching Senator Blumenthal's hearing and panel of the ceo's of 5 big tech corporation and their admission that no safety research had been done.

This filing was submitted as an attachment. Open the document below to read the comment.

EMF (electro magnetic fields): The EMFs in my vehicle give me heart palpitations and make my heart race and I can sense the EMFs given off by newer vehicles as well. The near field bluetooth communication used for medical devices causes abnormal heart rhythms and bowl obstructions and, yes, I have data that backs this statement up. The radiation given off by the cellular towers is getting worse because we need more and more towers for all the sensors required to run new tech. There is a lot of evidence-based research that proves exposure to EMFs causes heart and neurological issues. Please put safety checks in place to minimize the harm to humans. Thank you.

This filing was submitted as an attachment. Open the document below to read the comment.

This filing was submitted as an attachment. Open the document below to read the comment.

Scientific references regarding the possible causality or impact of RF EMFs on central sensitisation disorders: -International Commission on the Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields (ICBE-EMF). Scientific evidence invalidates health assumptions underlying the FCC and ICNIRP exposure limit determinations for radiofrequency radiation: implications for 5G. Environ Health. 2022 Oct 18;21(1):92. doi: 10.1186/s12940-022-00900-9. PMID: 36253855; PMCID: PMC9576312. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36253855/ -Grigoriev О.А., Ushakov I.B., Alekseeva V.A. Electromagnetic Field Bio-Medical Effects Researches in Russia over 130 Years: The Main Stages of the Scientific Knowledge Grows // Radiation biology. Radioecology. - 2024. - Vol. 64. - N. 3. - P. 227-243. doi: 10.31857/S0869803124030014 https://journals.rcsi.science/0869-8031/article/view/272215 -Oguzhan Karapinar B., Altuntas E., Gul T., Tokpinar A., Degermenci M, Bas O. Adverse Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on the Central Nervous System: A Review. Odu Med J. 158.December 2025;12(3):158-169. DOI: 10.56941/odutip.1810345 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/399258297_Adverse_Effects_of_Electromagnetic_Fields_on_The_Central_Nervous_System_A_Review Oguzhan et al 2025 Bioinitiative Report 2012. https://bioinitiative.org/ -Schuermann D, Mevissen M. Manmade Electromagnetic Fields and Oxidative Stress-Biological Effects and Consequences for Health. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Apr 6;22(7):3772. doi: 10.3390/ijms22073772. PMID: 33917298; PMCID: PMC8038719. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33917298/ - Yunus MB. Central sensitivity syndromes: a new paradigm and group nosology for fibromyalgia and overlapping conditions, and the related issue of disease versus illness. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2008 Jun;37(6):339-52. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2007.09.003. Epub 2008 Jan 14. PMID: 18191990. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18191990/ - Carruthers, B.M., van de Sande, M.I., De Meirleir, K.L., Klimas, N.G., Broderick, G., Mitchell, T., Staines, D., Powles, A.C.P., Speight, N., Vallings, R., Bateman, L., Baumgarten-Austrheim, B., Bell, D.S., Carlo-Stella, N., Chia, J., Darragh, A., Jo, D., Lewis, D., Light, A.R., Marshall-Gradisbik, S., Mena, I., Mikovits, J.A., Miwa, K., Murovska, M., Pall, M.L. and Stevens, S. (2011), Myalgic encephalomyelitis: International Consensus Criteria. Journal of Internal Medicine, 270: 327-338. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02428.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02428.x - Piras C, Conte S, Pibiri M, Rao G, Muntoni S, Leoni VP, Finco G, Atzori L. Metabolomics and psychological features in fibromyalgia and electromagnetic sensitivity. Sci Rep. 2020 Nov 24;10(1):20418. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-76876-8. PMID: 33235303; PMCID: PMC7686375. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33235303/ - De Luca C, Raskovic D, Pacifico V, Thai JC, Korkina L. The search for reliable biomarkers of disease in multiple chemical sensitivity and other environmental intolerances. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2011 Jul;8(7):2770-97. doi: 10.3390/ijerph8072770. Epub 2011 Jul 1. PMID: 21845158; PMCID: PMC3155329. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21845158/ - Cordero MD, de Miguel M, Carmona-López I, Bonal P, Campa F, Moreno-Fernández AM. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in fibromyalgia. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2010;31(2):169-73. PMID: 20424583. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20424583/ - Cordero MD, de Miguel M, Moreno-Fernández AM. La disfunción mitocondrial en la fibromialgia y su implicación en la patogénesis de la enfermedad [Mitochondrial dysfunction in fibromyalgia and its implication in the pathogenesis of disease]. Med Clin (Barc). 2011 Mar 12;136(6):252-6. Spanish. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2010.01.030. Epub 2010 Apr 24. PMID: 20417529. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20417529/ - De Luca C, Thai JC, Raskovic D, Cesareo E, Caccamo D, Trukhanov A, Korkina L. Metabolic and genetic screening of electromagnetic hypersensitive subjects as a feasible tool for diagnostics and intervention. Mediators Inflamm. 2014;2014:924184. doi: 10.1155/2014/924184. Epub 2014 Apr 9. PMID: 24812443; PMCID: PMC4000647. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24812443/ - Belyaev I, Dean A, Eger H, Hubmann G, Jandrisovits R, Kern M, Kundi M, Moshammer H, Lercher P, Müller K, Oberfeld G, Ohnsorge P, Pelzmann P, Scheingraber C, Thill R. EUROPAEM EMF Guideline 2016 for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of EMF-related health problems and illnesses. Rev Environ Health. 2016 Sep 1;31(3):363-97. doi: 10.1515/reveh-2016-0011. PMID: 27454111. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27454111/ - Stein Y, Udasin IG. Electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS, microwave syndrome) - Review of mechanisms. Environ Res. 2020 Jul;186:109445. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109445. Epub 2020 Mar 30. PMID: 32289567. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32289567/ - Belpomme D, Carlo GL, Irigaray P, Carpenter DO, Hardell L, Kundi M, Belyaev I, Havas M, Adlkofer F, Heuser G, Miller AB, Caccamo D, De Luca C, von Klitzing L, Pall ML, Bandara P, Stein Y, Sage C, Soffritti M, Davis D, Moskowitz JM, Mortazavi SMJ, Herbert MR, Moshammer H, Ledoigt G, Turner R, Tweedale A, Muñoz-Calero P, Udasin I, Koppel T, Burgio E, Vorst AV. The Critical Importance of Molecular Biomarkers and Imaging in the Study of Electrohypersensitivity. A Scientific Consensus International Report. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jul 7;22(14):7321. doi: 10.3390/ijms22147321. PMID: 34298941; PMCID: PMC8304862. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34298941/ - Zothansiama, Zosangzuali M, Lalramdinpuii M, Jagetia GC. Impact of radiofrequency radiation on DNA damage and antioxidants in peripheral blood lymphocytes of humans residing in the vicinity of mobile phone base stations. Electromagn Biol Med. 2017;36(3):295-305. doi: 10.1080/15368378.2017.1350584. Epub 2017 Aug 4. PMID: 28777669. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28777669/ - Sonzogni L, Al-Choboq J, Combemale P, Massardier-Pilonchéry A, Bouchet A, May P, Doré JF, Debouzy JC, Bourguignon M, Dréan YL, Foray N. Skin Fibroblasts from Individuals Self-Diagnosed as Electrosensitive Reveal Two Distinct Subsets with Delayed Nucleoshuttling of the ATM Protein in Common. Int J Mol Sci. 2025 May 16;26(10):4792. doi: 10.3390/ijms26104792. PMID: 40429933; PMCID: PMC12112057. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40429933/ - Leszczynski D. Review of the scientific evidence on the individual sensitivity to electromagnetic fields (EHS). Rev Environ Health. 2021 Jul 6;37(3):423-450. doi: 10.1515/reveh-2021-0038. PMID: 34229366. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34229366/ - Leszczynski D. Wireless radiation and health: making the case for proteomics research of individual sensitivity. Front Public Health. 2025 Jan 10;12:1543818. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1543818. PMID: 39866356; PMCID: PMC11758280. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39866356/ - Pall ML. Common etiology of posttraumatic stress disorder, fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome and multiple chemical sensitivity via elevated nitric oxide/peroxynitrite. Med Hypotheses. 2001 Aug;57(2):139-45. doi: 10.1054/mehy.2001.1325. PMID: 11461161. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11461161/ Pall ML. Electromagnetic fields act via activation of voltage-gated calcium channels to produce beneficial or adverse effects. J Cell Mol Med. 2013 Aug;17(8):958-65. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.12088. Epub 2013 Jun 26. PMID: 23802593; PMCID: PMC3780531. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23802593/ - Panagopoulos DJ, Karabarbounis A, Yakymenko I, Chrousos GP. Human-made electromagnetic fields: Ion forced-oscillation and voltage-gated ion channel dysfunction, oxidative stress and DNA damage (Review). Int J Oncol. 2021 Nov;59(5):92. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5272. Epub 2021 Oct 7. PMID: 34617575; PMCID: PMC8562392. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34617575/ - Panagopoulos DJ, Yakymenko I, De Iuliis GN, Chrousos GP. A comprehensive mechanism of biological and health effects of anthropogenic extremely low frequency and wireless communication electromagnetic fields. Front Public Health. 2025 Jun 4;13:1585441. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1585441. PMID: 40547468; PMCID: PMC12179773. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40547468/ - Panagopoulos DJ, Litovsky R, Chamberlin K. Recording the extremely low frequency pulsations of wireless communication electromagnetic fields. Electromagn Biol Med. 2026 Apr 19:1-10. doi: 10.1080/15368378.2026.2654072. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 42002914. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42002914/ - Gurhan H, Barnes F. Frequency-Dependent Antioxidant Responses in HT-1080 Human Fibrosarcoma Cells Exposed to Weak Radio Frequency Fields. Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Oct 15;13(10):1237. doi: 10.3390/antiox13101237. PMID: 39456490; PMCID: PMC11504554. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39456490/ - International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). Guidelines for Limiting Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields (100 kHz to 300 GHz). Health Phys. 2020 May;118(5):483-524. doi: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001210. PMID: 32167495. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32167495/ - Rems L, Kasimova MA, Testa I, Delemotte L. Pulsed Electric Fields Can Create Pores in the Voltage Sensors of Voltage-Gated Ion Channels. Biophys J. 2020 Jul 7;119(1):190-205. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.05.030. Epub 2020 Jun 8. PMID: 32559411; PMCID: PMC7335976. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32559411/ - Bertagna F, Lewis R, Silva SRP, McFadden J, Jeevaratnam K. Effects of electromagnetic fields on neuronal ion channels: a systematic review. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2021 Sep;1499(1):82-103. doi: 10.1111/nyas.14597. Epub 2021 May 4. PMID: 33945157. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33945157/ - Hu C, Zuo H, Li Y. Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation on Neurotransmitters in the Brain. Front Public Health. 2021 Aug 17;9:691880. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.691880. PMID: 34485223; PMCID: PMC8415840. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34485223/ - Foerster BR, Petrou M, Edden RA, Sundgren PC, Schmidt-Wilcke T, Lowe SE, Harte SE, Clauw DJ, Harris RE. Reduced insular γ-aminobutyric acid in fibromyalgia. Arthritis Rheum. 2012 Feb;64(2):579-83. doi: 10.1002/art.33339. PMID: 21913179; PMCID: PMC3374930. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21913179/ - Pyke TL, Osmotherly PG, Baines S. Measuring Glutamate Levels in the Brains of Fibromyalgia Patients and a Potential Role for Glutamate in the Pathophysiology of Fibromyalgia Symptoms: A Systematic Review. Clin J Pain. 2017 Oct;33(10):944-954. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0000000000000474. PMID: 28033157. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28033157/ Harding EK, Zamponi GW. Central and peripheral contributions of T-type calcium channels in pain. Mol Brain. 2022 May 2;15(1):39. doi: 10.1186/s13041-022-00923-w. PMID: 35501819; PMCID: PMC9063214. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35501819/ - Torkan A, Zoghi M, Foroughimehr N, Yavari A, Jaberzadeh S. Effects of Mobile Electromagnetic Exposure on Brain Oscillations and Cortical Excitability: Scoping Review. Sensors (Basel). 2025 Apr 26;25(9):2749. doi: 10.3390/s25092749. PMID: 40363190; PMCID: PMC12074369. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40363190/ - Lyskov E, Sandström M, Hansson Mild K. Neurophysiological study of patients with perceived 'electrical hypersensitivity'. Int J Psychophysiol. 2001 Nov;42(3):233-41. doi: 10.1016/s0167-8760(01)00141-6. PMID: 11812390. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11812390/ - Murga Gandasegui I, Aranburu Laka L, Gargiulo PÁ, Gómez-Esteban JC, Lafuente Sánchez JV. Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Neurological Entity? Medicina (Kaunas). 2021 Sep 27;57(10):1030. doi: 10.3390/medicina57101030. PMID: 34684066; PMCID: PMC8540700. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34684066/ -- Carruthers, B.M., van de Sande, M.I., De Meirleir, K.L., Klimas, N.G., Broderick, G., Mitchell, T., Staines, D., Powles, A.C.P., Speight, N., Vallings, R., Bateman, L., Baumgarten-Austrheim, B., Bell, D.S., Carlo-Stella, N., Chia, J., Darragh, A., Jo, D., Lewis, D., Light, A.R., Marshall-Gradisbik, S., Mena, I., Mikovits, J.A., Miwa, K., Murovska, M., Pall, M.L. and Stevens, S. (2011), Myalgic encephalomyelitis: International Consensus Criteria. Journal of Internal Medicine, 270: 327-338. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02428.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02428.x - Martínez-Lavín M. Management of dysautonomia in fibromyalgia. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2002 May;28(2):379-87. doi: 10.1016/s0889-857x(01)00015-1. PMID: 12122925. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12122925/ -Eisinger J. Dysautonomia, fibromyalgia and reflex dystrophy. Arthritis Res Ther. 2007;9(4):105. doi: 10.1186/ar2212. PMID: 17626612; PMCID: PMC2206362. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17626612/ -Bijlsma N, Conduit R, Kennedy G, Cohen M. Does radiofrequency radiation impact sleep? A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, crossover pilot study. Front Public Health. 2024 Oct 29;12:1481537. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1481537. PMID: 39534742; PMCID: PMC11554657. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39534742/ -Sousouri G, Eicher C, D'Angelo RM, Billecocq M, Fussinger T, Studler M, Capstick M, Kuster N, Achermann P, Huber R, Landolt HP. 5G radio-frequency-electromagnetic-field effects on the human sleep electroencephalogram: A randomized controlled study in CACNA1C genotyped volunteers. Neuroimage. 2025 Aug 15;317:121340. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121340. Epub 2025 Jun 18. PMID: 40541756. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40541756/ -Carter B, Rees P, Hale L, Bhattacharjee D, Paradkar MS. Association Between Portable Screen-Based Media Device Access or Use and Sleep Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr. 2016;170(12):1202–1208. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.2341 https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/2571467 -Schmid MR, Loughran SP, Regel SJ, Murbach M, Bratic Grunauer A, Rusterholz T, Bersagliere A, Kuster N, Scientific evidence support for the relationship between central sensitivity illnesses and the effects on health of radiofrequencies under the currently regulated limits Achermann P. Sleep EEG alterations: effects of different pulse-modulated radio frequency electromagnetic fields. J Sleep Res. 2012 Feb;21(1):50-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2011.00918.x. Epub 2011 Apr 12. PMID: 21489004. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21489004/ -Kim J, Hwang Y, Kim S, Kwon D, Park J, Cho B, An S, Kang S, Kim Y, Kim S, Lengner CJ, Kim S, Kwon Y, Sung JS, Kim J. Electromagnetic field-inducible in vivo gene switch for remote spatiotemporal control of gene expression. Cell. 2026 May 28;189(11):3465-3480.e23. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2026.03.029. Epub 2026 Apr 14. Erratum in: Cell. 2026 Jul 9;189(14):4517-4518. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2026.06.020. PMID: 41985457. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41985457/ -Levin M. Bioelectric signaling: Reprogrammable circuits underlying embryogenesis, regeneration, and cancer. Cell. 2021 Apr 15;184(8):1971-1989. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.02.034. Epub 2021 Apr 6. PMID: 33826908. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33826908/ -Dasdag S, Akdag MZ, Bashan M, Kizmaz V, Erdal N, Emin Erdal M, Tughan Kiziltug M, Yegin K. Role of 2.4 GHz radiofrequency radiation emitted from Wi-Fi on some miRNA and faty acids composition in brain. Electromagn Biol Med. 2022 Jul 3;41(3):281-292. doi: 10.1080/15368378.2022.2065682. Epub 2022 Apr 17. Erratum in: Electromagn Biol Med. 2022 Oct 2;41(4):i-iii. doi: 10.1080/15368378.2022.2088659. PMID: 35435088. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35435088/ -Kostoff RN, Heroux P, Aschner M, Tsatsakis A. Adverse health effects of 5G mobile networking technology under real-life conditions. Toxicol Lett. 2020 May 1;323:35-40. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.01.020. Epub 2020 Jan 25. PMID: 31991167. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31991167/ -Sueiro-Benavides RA, Leiro-Vidal JM, Salas-Sánchez AÁ, Rodríguez-González JA, Ares-Pena FJ, López-Martín ME. Radiofrequency at 2.45 GHz increases toxicity, pro-inflammatory and pre-apoptotic activity caused by black carbon in the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. Sci Total Environ. 2021 Apr 15;765:142681. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142681. Epub 2020 Oct 4. PMID: 33071139. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33071139/ -Precursors Need to be Considered to Promote Recovery from Idiopathic Environmental Intolerance–Attributed to Electromagnetic Fields. Medical Research Archives , [S.l.], v. 13, n. 1, jan. 2025.ISSN 2375-1924.Available at: < https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/6253 >. Date accessed: 16 oct. 2026.doi: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v13i1.6253 . https://esmed.org/MRA/mra/article/view/6253 -Nittby H, Brun A, Eberhardt J, Malmgren L, Persson BR, Salford LG. Increased blood-brain barrier permeability in mammalian brain 7 days after exposure to the radiation from a GSM-900 mobile phone. Pathophysiology. 2009 Aug;16(2-3):103-12. doi: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2009.01.001. Epub 2009 Apr 2. PMID: 19345073. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19345073/ -Tang J, Zhang Y, Yang L, Chen Q, Tan L, Zuo S, Feng H, Chen Z, Zhu G. Exposure to 900 MHz electromagnetic fields activates the mkp-1/ERK pathway and causes blood-brain barrier damage and cognitive impairment in rats. Brain Res. 2015 Mar 19;1601:92-101. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.01.019. Epub 2015 Jan 15. PMID: 25598203. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25598203/ -Nelson I. When biology meets polarity: Toward a unified framework for sex-dependent responses to magnetic polarity in living systems. Electromagn Biol Med. 2026;45(3):280-294. doi: 10.1080/15368378.2026.2621660. Epub 2026 Jan 31. PMID: 41618935. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41618935/ -Wallace KB, Starkov AA. Mitochondrial targets of drug toxicity. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2000;40:353-88. doi: 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.40.1.353. PMID: 10836141. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10836141/